Finite bounded expanding white hole universe without dark matter

The solution of Einstein's field equations in Cosmological General Relativity (CGR), where the Galaxy is at the center of a finite yet bounded spherically symmetrical isotropic gravitational field, is identical with the unbounded solution. This leads to the conclusion that the Universe may be viewed as a finite expanding white hole. The fact that CGR has been successful in describing the distance modulus verses redshift data of the high-redshift type Ia supernovae means that the data cannot distinguish between unbounded models and those with finite bounded radii of at least $c \tau$. Also it is shown that the Universe is spatially flat at the current epoch and has been at all past epochs where it was matter dominated.Comment: 11 pages, revised versio

Mass transfer cooling on a porous flat plate in carbon-dioxide and air streams

Mass transfer cooling on porous flat plate in carbon dioxide and air stream

On the anomalous acceleration of Pioneer spacecraft

The anomalous acceleration of Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft of (8.74 \pm 1.33) \times 10^{-8} cm. s^{-2} fits with a theoretical prediction of a minimal acceleration in nature of about 7.61 \times 10^{-8} cm. s^{-2}Comment: 3 pages, accepted in Int. J. Theor. Phy

Equilibrium temperatures of mass transfer cooled walls in high-speed flow of an absorbing-emitting gas

Equilibrium temperatures of mass transfer cooled walls in high speed flow of absorbing-emitting ga

The Cosmic Time in Terms of the Redshift

In cosmology one labels the time t since the Big Bang in terms of the redshift of light emitted at t, as we see it now. In this Note we derive a formula that relates t to z which is valid for all redshifts. One can go back in time as far as one wishes, but not to the Big Bang at which the redshift tends to infinity.Comment: 3 pages, 3 figure

Performance Assessment of Navigation Using Carrier Doppler Measurements from Multiple LEO Constellations

The goal of this work is to characterize a novel navigation method which uses carrier Doppler shift measurements from LEO satellites. An ever-growing reliance on the GNSS has coincided with an increase in ways it can be degraded or denied, whether naturally occurring or man-made. These potentially disastrous threats to traditional navigation and timing have necessitated new technologies to augment GNSS in the case of an outage. LEO constellations, whose size and higher signal power make them potentially useful for navigation, are one technology that has been explored. The navigation algorithms detailed in this research use Doppler measurements from 8 or more LEO satellites to simultaneously solve for position, clock offset, velocity, and clock offset rate. Through simulation, a user-satellite geometry analysis is conducted for a number of emerging LEO constellations, as well as navigation simulations with the same constellations. Results are presented which show promise from both a satellite geometry perspective and PVT solution convergence perspective

The Fungus Among Us: The effect of copper fungicide on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and implications for sustainable agricultural systems

Senior Project submitted to The Division of Social Studies of Bard College

Engagement in public sector IT projects

Public sector information technology projects are important for delivering government policy, and one reason for their failure is lack of effective engagement between stakeholders. But current literature is unclear on what engagement is. The study examined engagement in five cases of successful project development, collecting data though documentation and semi structured interviews with internal clients and external IT consultants. Thematic and template analysis was used. Findings identified six interacting components of engagement to be three conditions of environment, participants and expertise that afford three interacting and cycling behaviours of sharing, sense making and adapting. The research thus contributes an original model of engaged behaviour that draws attention to components that help enactment of engagement between participants on IT projects